A little Pусский язык

I made a list of the words we have learned (from memory so some are probably missing) so that we could show Liza what we know and she can communicate with us within some framework.  Of course, we are learning lots of new words and phrases each day.  Russian is interesting because the word order is like a Rubik's cube.  You can rearrange words in various ways to put emphasis on certain things you want to stress.  There are 7 forms of each verb as well as masculine, feminine, neuter and plural nouns.  Adjectives and pronouns are modified by the gender of the nouns too.  What I am saying is that to know one verb, you must know 13 different words to express it correctly.  Many languages are like this - but English is not.  And of course, before you can read any of it, you need to learn the Cyrillic alphabet which has 33 letters - many of which are sounds that don't exist in English or sounds that we use multiple letters so express (like "sh", "ch", "ya", etc)

I'm pasting this from a word doc so the format is messed up, but it's mainly for me to be able to remember the list in the future anyway.  If you feel like reading it, knock yourself out.  :)

Tom

Verbs:

                                                                PRESENT TENSE

Singular                                                                Plural                                    

To understand                  1p           Я понимаю                                        Мы понимаем

понять                                 2p           ты понимаешь                                 Вы понимаете

                                                3p           он/онa понимает                           они понимают

понять - to understand                               мочь – to be able / can             видеть – to see

хотеть – to want                              быть – to be                                      ездить – to drive (away)

остаться – to stay                            поесть – to eat                                 пить – to drink

уехать – to leave                             делать - to do                                   думать – to think

купить  - to buy                                                работать – to work                         дать       - to give

любить – to love / like                  пообедать – to eat lunch             поужинать – to eat supper

собираться – to be going to        жить – to live                                     знать – to know

узнать – to learn                              говорить – to speak                       сказать – to tell

повторять – to repeat                   спросить  - to ask                            подождать – to wait

нравиться – like                        стоить – cost                            открыт – is open

закрыт – is closed                            спать – to sleep                                                бежать – to run

читать – to read                               готовить – to cook/prepare        идти – to walk/go

пойти – to go                           

                                                                PAST TENSE (masculine speaker)

Я Делал  – I did                                                Я должен – I must                                          Я видел – I saw

Я ездил – I drove                             я поел – I ate                                                    я приехал – I arrived /came

PAST TENSE (feminine speaker)

Я Делалa  – I did                              Я должна – I must                                           Я виделa – I saw

Я ездилa – I drove                          я поелa – I ate                                                  я приехалa – I arrived /came

Nouns:

Воды – water                                    кола – cola (soda)                           кофе – coffee

Молоко – milk                                  Бутерброд – sandwich                 яйца – eggs                       

Хлеб – bread                                     курица – chicken                             мясо – meat

Яблоко – apple                                                рис – rice                                             чай – tea (‘chay’)

eда – food                                машина – car                            бензин – gasoline

литр – liter                                         американец – American русский – Russian

русский язык – Russian Lang    деньги  - money                        долларов – dollars

знакомый – acquaintance          жена – wife                               муж – husband

дочь – daughter                        сын – son                                 дети – children

девушка – girl                           мальчик – boy                          женщина – woman

мужчина – man                         человек – person                      семья – family

собака – dog                            дней – days                              недель – weeks

километр – kilometer                дорога – road                           улица – street

площадь – square                    достаточно – enough               время – time

зовут – called (name)                город – city                              ресторан – restaurant

завтра – tomorrow                    сегодня – today                        вчера – yesterday

вечер – evening                        утро – morning                         магазин – store

универмаг – department store   туалет – bathroom                    кухня – kitchen

душ – shower                            стул – chair / stool                    телефон - telephone

телевидение – television           одежда – clothes                      аэропорт – airport

паспорт – passport                   виза – visa                                билет – ticket

музыка – music                         гимназия – gym                        фитнес – fitness / fitness center

ничего – nothing                       дом – home / house                  школа  - school

слово/слова – word/words       газета – newspaper                   журнал – magazine

книга – book                             велосипед – bicycle                 кошка – cat

ручка – a pen                          

Pronouns:

Что – what                                кто = who                                 это – it / that

eго – him / his                           ее – her                                    он / она – he / she

они – they                                 моя / мой – my                         ваш / вашa – your                    

наш / наша – our                       я – I                                          их - their

Adverbs:

kак – How                                 где = Where                              почему = why              

немного – a little / some            mного – a lot / much                 несколько – a few       

слишком – too / excessive        тоже – too / also                       уже – already

там – there / over there              здесь – here                             еще – yet/still

так – so                                    очень – very                             только – only

потом – afterwards                   позже – later                             поздно – late

сегодня – today                        быстро – quickly                      быстрее – more quickly

хорошо – good                                    плохо – bad                             Сейчас – now

к сожалению – unfortunately     вот – here (you go)                   с удовольствием – with pleasure

конечно – of course

Conjunctions:

потому что – because             Сколько – how much                когда – when

но – but                                    какая – which (one?)

Adjectives:

Холодный – cold                             большой – big                                  маленький – little

Дорого – expensive                       дороже – more expensive         

Numbers:

Один – one                                        два – two                                            три – three

Четыре – four                                   пять – five                                          шесть   - six

Семь – seven                                    восемь – eight                                  девять – nine

Десять – ten                                      -надцать – eleven –> nineteen двадцать – twenty

Тридцать – thirty                             сорок – forty                                     пятьдесят – fifty

Шестьдесят – sixty                         семьдесят – seventy                     восемьдесят – eighty

Девяносто – ninety                        сто – one hundred                          двести – two hundred

Триста – three hundred                               четыреста – four hundred          пятьсот – five hundred

Шестьсот – six hundred                               семьсот – seven hundred           восемьсот – eight hundred

Девятьсот – nine hundred          тысяча – one thousand                 тысячи – two –> four  thousand

Тысяч – five thousand +

Days:

Понедельник – Monday             вторник – Tuesday                         среда – Wednesday

Четверг – Thursday                        пятница - Friday

Interjections:

Войдите – come in                    право – really? Is that right?     

Phrases:

Hello (formal) – здравствуйте

Hi – привет

How are you? (formal) - Как поживаете?

How are you? (informal) - как дела?

What time is it?   - который  час?                             

It is 1 o’clock    -   Сейчас один час

Good morning   -   доброе утро

Good day    -    добрый день

Good evening   -   добрый вечер

I think so    -     я так думаю

Do you like…  -   Вам нравится

I don’t want anything    -     Я ничего не хочу

How long (how much time)…   сколько времени

I am called (my name is)   -   меня зовут

What is your name?  -   как вас зовут?

Excuse me   -   извините

Pleased to meet you…  очень приятно

What does it/that mean  -  Что это значит?

Not yet    -   еще неt   -  

How much do I owe?   -  сколько с меня?

To go visit (someone) / to go as a guest - пойти в гостя

After that  -  после этого

Before that  -  до этого